1885 antique WISCONSIN TERRITORY HISTORY indian slavery french settlers mines
This listing is for the original hardcover, cloth over board book shown. History of the territory of Wisconsin, from 1836 to 1848. Preceded by an account of some events during the period in which it was under the dominion of kings, states or other territories, previous to the year 1836 by Moses Strong. It was published in Madison, Wisconsin in 1885 by the Democrat Printing Co.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
EARLY EXPLORATIONS OF " FLORIDA AND " LOUISIANA " — 1512 TO 1719.
Gen. W. R. Smith's histoiy — Juan Ponce de ]jeou — Diego Miruelo — Narvaez — De Soto — Champlain — Le Caron — Cliarter of New France — First Jesuit missions — Brebeuf, Daniel & Zallemand — Nicollet, tie first to visit Wisconsin — Raymbault and Jogues — Dejuerre — Fur- traders in 1634 — Drocoux — MSsnard — Allouez and his grand inter-tribal Council at Chegoiemegon — Dablon and Marquette — Perot, his visit to Green Bay and Chicago — Mission of St. Francis Xavier established at Green Bay — French talte formal possession at St. Mary's — The cross borne by Allouez and Dablon to the Milwaukee and Waukesha rivers — Marquette and Joliet explore the Fox, Wisconsin and Mississippi rivers and return to Green Bay via Chicago — Marquette, his sickness and death — L& Salle erects fort at Frontenac, builds the GrifSn, anchors at Green Bay, goes to the Ilhnois, begins to build Fort Crevecceur, returns to Frontenac, and back to the Illinois — Hennepin, with Accau and Du Gay explores the Upper Mississippi, made prisoners, liberated, visited St. Anthony, meet Du Lhut and his party, all reach Green Bay, Hennepin returns to Europe and dies — La Salle goes to Mackinaw and returns to Crfivecoeur, descends the Mississippi to its mouth, and takes possession of all the country for France, returns to France, attempts to colonize Louisiana — War between England and France — Peace of Ryswick — Iberville and Chateaumorand — Iberville ascends the Mississippi — Le Sueur — he explores the St. Peter's river for minerals and winters there — Cadillac takes possession of Detroit — Kaskaskia — Peace of Utrecht — Boisbraint — Fort Chartras, Cahokiaand Prairie de Rocher — Artaguette — New Orleans — Renault.
CHAPTER II.
WAES WITH FOX INDIANS — 1713 TO 1746.
The Foxes concentrate their bands on Fox River — De Louvigny's expedition against the
Foxes — His report to the council — Little Butte des Mortes — De Louvigny's death by
shipwreck — Gov. Vaudreuil's letter of approbation — Bad faith of the Foxes — Peaceable efforts of the French — Indian council — De Lignery sent to destroy the Foxes — Troops commence march — Foxes escape — Expedition continues up Fox Elver — Burn villages and return — Lignery criticised — Taken prisoner — Friendly Indians attack the Foxes — Marin — His traffic on Fox and Wisconsin Rivers — Piratical exactions of the Fo.xes — Marin determines to drive them out — His stratagem — Foxes awaiting the boats — The attack — Village burned — The battle — Result — Letter of De Beauharnois — Du Buisson attacks the Foxes— De Villers defeats and routes the Foxes — Surviving Foxes retu'e to the Wisconsin River — Marin again attacks them — They are driven across the Mississippi — Marin commands at Green Bay — Taken prisoner — Final expulsion of Foxes — Sacs and Foxes confederated — Sacs at Green Bay — Expulsion of the Sacs — Sacs at Sauk Prairie— Sacs remove to the Mississippi River — Sacs and Foxes at Mouth of Rock River.
CHAPTER III.
THE LANGLADE FAMILY — 1745 TO 1800.
Biography no part of history — De Langlade's family — birth of Augustin — and Indian trader — married — children — Charles has a son — Augustin and family remove to Green Bay — his death — marriage of Charles — French War — Vaudreuil selects him to raise the Indian tribes, and lead them in the war — He raises 1500 — they march to Fort Du Quesne — Braddook's defeat — The fight owing to the importunities of Charles De Langlade — De Beaujeu consents to order an attack — Casualties — De Langlade ordered to strike Fort Cumberland — At captm-eof Fort 'William Henry- Second in command at Mackinaw — At Ticonderoga — Again at Fort Du Quesne — French burn the fort and retire before Washington— At Fort Niagara — Battle of Quebec — Surrender of Canada and discharge of De Langlade's troops and Indians — His hardships — His children — Takes active part for the British in the Revolutionary War- Attends Indian Council — Goes to St. Josephs — Superintendent of Indian affairs at Green Bay — His death — Pierre Grignon, Sen. — Augustin Grignon's Kecollections.
CHAPTER IV,
JONATHAN CAEVEE'S EXPLOEATIONS — 1766 AND 1767.
Treaty of Paris; cession of Louisiana — Captain Jonathan Carver — His birth — His military record — Sets out from Boston — At Mackinaw — Leaves Green Bay — Leaves Doty 's island — At Portage — At Prairie du Sac — The deserted Fox village — La Prairie desChiens — Traders stop at Yellow river — At Lake Pepin — Nicholas Perrot — Prehistoric tumuli — Makes a treaty between Dakotas and Chlppewas — " Carver's Cave " — Leaves canoe and walks to FaUs of St. Anthony — St. Francis Eiver — Ascends the Minnesota Eiver — Eeturns to the Mississippi — Grand Council — " Carver's Grant" — Doubts as to the validity of the deed — In violation of the King's proclamation — Petition presented to Congress — Adverse report — Another adverse report — "Murray Claim" — Private Land claims — Eetums to Prairie du Chien — Leaves Prairie du Chien and ascends the Chippewa Eiver — On the St. Croix — Copper — Descends to Lake Superior — Eeaches Grand Portage — Eeturns to Mackinaw and Boston.
CHAPTER V.
PROGEESS OF SETTLEMENTS IN THE NOETHWEST, AND TEANSFER TO BRITISH JURISDICTION — 1705 TO 1775.
Digression — Progress of settlement in the "Wabash country — Population of Illinois county — Gist's settlement in the Youghiogeny — Washington sent to the Ohio Eiver — Beginning of the French war -~ English forces withdrawn from the valley of the Ohio Braddock's defeat — French power overthrown — Indian affection for the French — First settlements of French east of the Mississippi — Settlement of Upper Louisiana 1721 Jesuit college — "American Bottom " — French Forts — Fort Massac — Fort Charters 1765 Great Britain succeeds to France — De Villiers — St. Auge de Bellerive retires to St. Louis — E-todus of the French — Population of Illinois settlements — Capt. Sterling — British proclamation — Eight of emigration — Equal rights guaranteed — M. St. Ange returns — Maj. Frazer — Col. Reid — Col. "Wilkius — First Common Law Court 1774 Civil Law restored — " Quebec Bill " — Grants of land by Col. Wilkins — Settlements on the Monongahela — Pittsburgh — Gov. Dunmore encourages emigration — French settlers support the American cause — Detroit in 1763 — The Pontiac war — Grand council of Indian tribes — Capture and slaughter of English garrisons — Mackinaw surprised and captured by a game of ball — Green Bay abandoned — Detroit alone remains Pontiao invests Detroit — Siege — Great distress of the English — Peace concluded with the Indian tribes — Pontiao killed — Peace did not bring settlements — Green Bay Capt. Stirling takes command of the " Illinois Country " —Indian tribes of the Northwest unfriendly to the Americans and allied to the British — Col. Geo. Rogers Clark sent from "Virginia by Gov. Patrick Henry to reduce the British posts in the Northwest — Col. Clark takes Kaskaskia and captures the fort — French inhabitants declare for America, and secure submission at Cahokia — "Vincennes declares allegiance to Virginia—Jurisdiction of Virginia established in the Northwest — British capture Post Vincennes — Col. Clark recaptures it and sends the British to Virginia as prisoners — Capt. Helm captures a convoy of supplies — Virginia in the possession of the entire Northwest — Slow progress of settlement
CHAPTER VI.
UNDER AMERICAN JUEISDICTION — 1787 TO 1820.
Ordinance of 1787 — Slavery at Green Bay — British posts in Northwest not immediately surrendered— Indian wars — Harmar's defeat on the Maumee — Successful and decisive campaign of Glen. Anthony Wayne — Preliminary articles of peace — Treaty of Greenville, "great and abiding peace document." — Disputes about the right to the free navigation of the Lower Mississippi — Free navigation secured by the treaty of Madrid — Spain cedes Louisiana to France — France cedes Louisiana to the United States — Indian Territory established — Genl. W. H. Harrison appointed Governor — Treaty with the Sacs and Foxes — Boundaries of the ceded land — Two treaties with Sacs and Foxes — Treaty with Sacs of Rock River — Black Hawk signs treaty — Fort Madison — Pike's expedition — Cession of site of Fort Snelling — Battle of Tippecanoe — Indians seek the aid of British allies — British incite Indian traders — Robert Dickson and his Indian forces — Capture of Mackinaw — Fort Meigs — Col, Diclcson and his Indians ioin the British at Detroit — Hull's surrender of Detroit — Evacuation of Fort Dearborn and massacre of Capt. Heald and party — Fort at Prairie du Chien -^ Unsuccessful expedition of Maj . Campbell — Col. McTCay places guns at Rock Island — Fort Armstrong commenced at Rock Island — John Shaw, trades between St. Louis and Prairie du Chien — Lead smelting at Galena by Indians — Steam Boat Navigation on the Mississippi — The first saw-mills in Wisconsin.
CHAPTER VII.
GREEN BAY — 1634 TO 1836.
Earliest abodes of civilization — Nicollet — Fur traders — Mesnard — Allouez — Mission of St. Francis Xavier — Fort — Tonti in command- Du Luth — Marquette and Joliet — Hennepin and Du Luth — Thirty barren years — De Louvigney — De Lignery — Capt. De Velie — GaiTison withdrawn — Settlement of Augustin De Langlade — Arrival of Capt. Belfour and twenty men- Fort called " Edward Augustus " in charge of Lieut. Gorrell — Lieut. Gorrell abandons the post — Slow progress of the settlement — Jaques Porlier — Charles Beaume — John Lawe — Population 350 in 1812 — Ogilvie, Gillaspie & Co.— Honesty of the Indian trade — Jacob Franks builds a mill — Indian agent and factor -Government saw-mill — Fort Howard located by Gen. Chas. Gratiot — In command of Col. Chambers — Col. Smith removes troops to Camp Smith - Col. Pinkney moves back to Fort Howard — Col. McNeill — Gen. Brady — Shantytown — Robert Irwin, Jr. — Daniel Whitney — Wm. Dickinson — H. S. Baird — J. D. Doty — Court House and Jail — Mission School and Rev. R. F. Cadel — Episcopal Church incorporated — First Newspaper—Indian agency under Maj. Brevort — Catholic Church and school — Father Richard — Shantytown absorbed by Navarino, Astor and Depere — Only eight American familes — Character of population — Ebenezer Childs — John P. Arndt — Albert G. Ellis — J. D . Doty — Removes to Green Bay — Madison and Doty's island — His official positions —Is appointed Governor of Utah, where he dies — Morgan L. Martin.
CHAPTER VIII.
PRAIRIE DU CHIEN — 1630 TO 1833.
Uncertanty of time of first settlement -Hemiepin — Marquet and Joliet — First military post — Cardinelle — Ganier — French trading post — French military post — Carver — Gov. Sinclair's purchase — Michael Brisbois — His statement of the settlement — His bakery — He issued currency — Campbell appointed Indian agent — Marriage customs — Joseph Rolette — Settlement before the war of 1812 — British meditate building a fort — U. S. Government build Fort Shelby — McKay's expedition for recapture of the fort — Force consisted of 150 whites and 430 Indians — Col . McKay reaches the town — Attack upon the boats — Investment of the garrison — Surrender demanded and refused—Hot shot — Capitulation- American troops retire down the river — Fruitless Indian pursuit — Capt. Pohlman in command — British evacuation — Fort Crawford erected — Col. Chambers in command — Tyranny of the officers — Charles Menard court-martialled — Joseph Rolette banished — New fort erected — John Shaw trades and builds a grist mill — James H. tookwood — Officers and traders — Origin of name of town — Farming — Habits of settlers — It was neutral ground — Indian trade — Catholic priest — Maj. Forsyth's visit — Col. Leavenworth and troops leave for St. Peters — Fort Snelling located — Troops occupy Fort Crawford — Private land claims — H. L. Dousman — Joseph M. Street — Thomas P. Burnett — Macldnaw county laid out — Brown and Crawford counties laid out — First officers of Brown county — First officers of Crawford county — First court in Brown county — Changes in office in Crawford county — 18S!S, first court — 1834 — 1826 and 1830 — 1831.
CHAPTER IX.
CHEQUAMEGON — PORTAGE — MILWAUKEE.
Chequamegon, the field of first missionary work — Portage — Its early settlement — Laurent Barth, first settler — Jean L'Eouyer — Earth sells to Ca.mpbell — Laurent Fily — Francis Eoy — Pierre Pauquette employed by Joseph Rolette — Indian trade — Settlement did not increase — Erection of Fort Winnebago — Major Twig.gs and his officers — Site of fort — Port completed — Houses at Portage — Change of troops — Military road from Fort Howard to Fort Crawford — Manner of transporting goods up Fox River — Henry Merrill— Milwaukee — First mention in Gorrell's journal — English trader probably Goddard — Li Frambois — Stanislaus Chappue-John B. Beaubien — Laurent Fily — Jaques Vieau — Solomon Juneau — James Kinzie — HypoUte Grignon — Newspaper notices — Juneau purchases land — Byron Kilbourn purchases west side of river — George H. Walker makes claim on south side of river and finally gets patent — Names of some early settlers — First pubUc meeting — Digression — Copper Mines of Lake Superior — Pre-historic implements.
CHAPTER X.
NEW YORK INDIANS — 1820 TO 1839.
N. Y. Indians — Ogden Land Co. — Stockbridge and Bi'Othertown Indians — Jedediah Morse — Eleazer Williams — He proposes emigration scheme — "South" jealous of free States — Calhoun sanctions a plan to set apart Wisconsin for Indians — War Department favors the emigration scheme — Dr. Morse at Green Bay — N. Y. Indians aided by Government in going to Green Bay — Williams arrives at Detroit — He learns the Menomonees had sold their land to U. S . — He returns to New York — Treaty rejected — Renewed aid from War Department — Arrival at Green Bay — Treaty made — validity of treaty denied — N. Y. Indians opposed to the treaty — War Department favors another visit to Green Bay — Reach Green Bay — New treaty made — Treaty approved — N. Y. Indian5 emigrate — Opposition to treaty — Cass and McKinney treaty Senate amendment — Abortive attempt at reconciliation — Samuel C. Stambaugh He visits Washington with Menomonees — Trea;ty made — Supplementary article Continued till next session — Treaty ratified with amendment — Two townships to Stock- bridges — One township to Brothertowns — Alteration of boundary — Senate amendment agreed to with modification — Conflict terminated — Williams abandons his schemes — Scheme of Ogden Land Co. abandoned — Area of freedom unabridged N. Y. Indians emigrate to Wisconsin — Condition of six nations in Wisconsin Brother- towns become citizens.
CHAPTER XI.
THE LEAD MINES AND WINNEBAGO WAR- 1822 TO 1838.
Gen. Smith's history of Indian disturbances — Indian wars concomitants of settlements Indians friendly to French settlers — Hostility to agricultural settlements — Winnebagos opposed to the occupancy of the Lead Mines— Mr. Shaw's visit to Fever river- Description of Indian smelting furnaces — First occupation of the Lead Mines — Increase of population — Hazel Green and New Diggings — Government agents — Early settlement of the Lead Mines — " Suckers " and " sucker-holes " — Galena was the objective point — Other points — Product of first three years — Apprehensions of danger from Winnebagos — Treaty at Prairie du Chien — Troops removed from Fort Crawford to Fort Snelling — Fears at Prairie du CMen of Indian outrages — Murder of Methode — Wa-man-doos-ga-ra-lia confesses the murder — Falde rumors — Red Bird — Winnebagos resolved on retaliation — Attempt to kill Mrs. J. H. Loekwood — Murder of Gaguier and Lightcap — Capt. Lindsay and his two keel-boats — The two boats part company — Winnebagos concealed on an island — Description of the boats — Attack upon the boat— " O. H. Perry " — The second attack — The boat is grounded, hand-to-hand conflict — The boat afloat, and survivors escape — Casualties — Harmless attack upon the other boat — Slander contradicted — Alarm at Prairie du Chien — Military company organized — - Preparations for defence — Col. Snelling notified, and comes down the river — Consternation at Galena and vicinity — Gov. Cass arrives at Prairie du Chien — He proceeds to Galena — Lieut. Martin Thomas — Col. Snelling assumes command — Gov. Cass proceeds to St. Louis — Col. Henry Dodge chosen Commander of Volunteers — Col. Dodge scours both sides of the Wisconsin river — Maj. Whistler arrives at the Portage — Winnebagos in a desperate plight — Red Bird surrendered by the Winnebagos — Red Bird^s appearance — His dress — His calmness — Talk between the Winnebagos and Maj. Whistler — Red Bird ready to die — Prisoners sent to Fort Crawford — Volunteers discharged — Results — Winnebagos contemplated a general rising — Death of Tied Bird — Other prisoners convicted and pardoned.
CHAPTER Xu.
THE BLACK HAWK WAR — 1831 AND 1833.
Progress in the "Lead Mines" — Black Hawk's village — He crosses the Mississippi — Threatened disturbances in 1831 — Indians agree to remain west of the Mississippi — Black Hawk war ensued a year later — Alarm in the Lead mine Region — Col. Dodge meets the Winnebagos in council — His " talk " — Treacherous promises of the Winnebagos— Beginning of the war in 1832 — Gen. Whiteside's command — Gen. Atkinson and the regulars — Black Hawk moves up Rock river — Troops at Dixon — Stillman's defeat — First blood shed in the war — Col. Dodge writes to Gen. Reynolds — Col. Dodge and his neighbors go on an expedition after the Indians — Inhabitants of the Lead Mines thoroughly alarmed — Forts erected — Indian mode of warfare — -Indian Creek massacre— Surrender of female caprives — Suspicious conduct of the Winnebagos — Brave and decisive conduct of Col. Dodge — Captive Winnebago chiefs sent to Gratiot's Grove and held as hostages — Dodge's volunteers meet Galena volunteers at Gratiot's Grove — Five murders near Buffalo Grove — Henry Dodge; brief sketch of — March to Kirker's farm — Col .Dodge's address to the volunteers — He, with his forces, joins the regulars at Dixon — He escorts Gen. Brady to Ottawa — He returns to his headquarters — Gen. Atkinson engages the Sioux and Menomonees as allies — Col. W. S. Hamilton commands the Sioux — Col. Stambaugh commands the Menomonees— Menomonees kill two fugitive Sacs — James Aubrey killed — Murders near Spafford's ford — "Apple" killed in his saddle — Col. Dodge pursues the savages and overtakes them at the Peckatonica — Battle of the Peckatonioa — Offlcial account — Names oE those engaged — Arrival of Sioux — Three of Capt. Stephenson's men killed— Attack on Apple river fort — Black Hawk's account of it — Contest with Maj. Dement's Spy battalion — Black Hawk's account of the engagement — Murder at Sinsinawa mound — Number of settlers killed — Indians concentrated near Lake Koshkonong — Gen. Posey and Col. Dodge meet at Fort Hamilton and form left wing — Division of the army — The left wing marches to the First lake — Change of position — March to Fort Atkinson — Judge Charles Dunn shot by a sentinel — Ambush — Indians anxious to escape — Troops sent to Fort Winnebago for provisions, the return route via rapids of Rock River — Effective force — Fresh trail of Indians found — Hot pursuit to the Four Lakes — Pursuit continued to the Wisconsin River — Battle of Wisconsin Heights — Casualties — Indians disappear - Army re-united at Helena — Pursuit — Battle of the Bad Axe — Casualties — Flight of Black Hawk and Prophet to the Lemonweir — Capture and surrender of the fugitives — Gen. Scott and his forces — Victims of the, cholera — Losses by the war — Roster of Col. Dodge's command — Biack Hawk a prisoner — At Washington — At Fortress Monroe — Sent home — His death.
CHAPTER XII.
CIVIL GOVERNMENT— 1612 TO 1834.
-Claims of Dominion — Military authority — Ponce de Leon first Governor — 1537, De Soto Governor — 1565, Melendez de Aviles, hereditary Governor — French claims of dominion — 1627, Charter of 100 associates — 1663, company of the West Indies— 1671, French claims of Sault St. Mary— 1683, L4 Salle claimed Louisiana for France — 1689 to 1697, Frontenao Governor — 1700, De Calliers Governor-General — 1711, Louisiana an independent government — DeMurs — Artaquette — 1712, Cadillac — 1714, Vaudreuil — 1728, Beauharnois — 176-3, Gov. Dinwiddie claims dominion in the valley of the Mississippi — War between France and England — 1763-3, treaty of peace — Division of territory — Inhabitants of " lilinois county " acknowledge jurisdiction of U. S. and Virginia — County of Illinois established — The Revolution a barren period — Ordinance of 1787 — Boundaries — Population — Characteristics of ordinance — Artiples of compact — First officers — Creation of legislature — W. H, Harrison, delegate — His successors — 1789, Powers of Congress transferred to President — 1792, Amendment of ordinance — 18 '0, Franldng Privilege extended to delegates — Indiana Territory — Boundaries — Territorial government established — Vincennes the seat of government — 1802, act enabling Ohio to form state government — 1803, admitted into the Union — — Population — 1805, Michigan Territory established — Ordinance of 1787 extended over it — Detroit the seat of government — 1809, Illinois Territory established — Boundaries — Powers — Kaslcaskia the seat of government — Judicial circuits established — Act enabling Illinois to form state government — North boundary — 5th article of compact disregarded — Proviso requiring ratification of boundaries — People of Wisconsin not consulted — Convention to form constitution provided for — 1818, Illinois admitted into the Union — Wisconsn attached to Michigan Territory — Michigan Territory authorized to elect delegate to Congress — Elective franchise — 1823, additional judge appointed west of La&e Michigan — Appeals and writs of error — Terms of court — Clerks — Residence and salary of judge — James D. Doty, first judge — David Irvin, second judge — Legislative council in Michigan — Territory established — Legislative assembly pro- vided for — Tenure of office for judges — Legislative council increased from 9 to 13 — 'Township and county officers — Council to be elective — Congress reserves right of repeal — 1830, term of court changed from Prarie du Chien to Mineral Point — Michigan territory extended to Missouri River.
CHAPTER XIV.
LEGISLATION PREVIOUS TO 1835.
-Coutume de Paris — Notary Public— Commander of Post administered justice — Limited administration of law in Wisconsin — 1768, British king establishes government of Quebec — 1774, Northwestern territory annexed to Quebec — Eights of Canadian subjects defined — Act denounced by Congress in 1774 — One of the grievances in Declaration of Independence — Court of Trustees — Hesse — Quebec divided into Upper and Lower Canada — 1792, Law of Canada repealed — Places of holding courts established — Slavery limited — 1794, Practice of courts— Inferior courts— Licensing attorneys — 1795, recording conveyances — 1796, British jurisdiction surrendered to United States — Wayne county organized — Common law of England adopted — Woodward code 1816, " Cass"' code — 1818, Illinois admitted, and Wisconsin remanded to jurisdiction of "Michigan — 1810, laws of England repealed — Coutmne de Paris and laws of Louisiana and Canada annulled — Laws of Northwest ten-itory and Indiana territory annulled — Laws passed between 1807 and 1810 repealed — Code of 1820 — 1818, new counties established — Mackinaw, Brown and Crawford — Courts in these counties — 1824, County seats of Brown and Crawford counties — Style of acts changed — 1826, Chippewa county — Sault de St. Mary — 1827, townships of St. Anthony and Green Bay — Census — Apportionment — Counties west of Lake Michigan represented — 1828, special term in Crawford county to try Red Bird — Jurisdiction of county courts transferred to circuit courts — New apportionment — Iowa county organized — Boundaries — County seat— County courts — P. E. Church incorporated at Green Bay — 1830, act in relation to Iowa county — 1831, another apportionment — 1833, first vote on state Goverment — Special sessions of circuit court in Brown and Iowa counties — Places of election in Iowa county — County seat of Iowa county — 1834, Milwaukee county established and attached to Brown — 1835, fully organized — Dubuque and Des Moines counties established — Census in 1834 — Bank of Wisconsin — Des Peres — Act to provide for state government — Aug., 1E35, special session on account of boundary trouble with Ohio — Laws of Michigan in force in Wisconsin — Judicial system — Supreme court — Circuit courts — County coiu-ts — Probate court — Justices of the peace — Poor-debtors — Proscription of negroes — Sabbath — Interest — Militia — Paupers — Autioneers — Highways.
CHAPTER XV.
WISCONSIN IN A TRANSITION STATE — 1835-6.
1825-1832, early settlements of the lead mines — 1825, Col. Wm. S. Hamilton drives 700 head of cattle from Elinois to Green Bay — Efforts to divide Michigan and organize Wisconsin territory — 1832, inhabitants of Michigan vote in favor of state government — Territoiy west of the Mississippi attacned to Michigan territory — 1836, June 16, provisional act for the admission of Michigan — 18.37,' Jan. 26, admission consumated — 1834, June 28, "Wisconsin" and ''Green Bay" land districts established — 1835, 3636, June 15, " Slilwaukee " land district established — Provision for election of delegate and legislature — Governor to make apportionment west of Lake Michigan — Mode of canvassing votes changed — Members of legislature apportioned to counties west of Lake Michigan — Proclamation for session of Legislature at Green Bay, Jan. 1, 1836 — Michigan a State out of the Union — S. T. Mason, Governor of State of Michigan — John S. Horner, Secretary ot Territory of Michigan — Election of delegate in 18.36 — Candidates, Doty, Martin, Jones, Woodbridge — Jones elected — Members elect of Council -^ Proclamation of Horner creates confusion — Disregarded — Council meets at Green Bay, Jan. 1 — 9 present, 4 absent — Organization — Committee to wait on Governor — Could not find him — His reason for not attending — Committee appointed to inquire into obstructions to legislation — Report — Council can do nothing but pass resolutions and memorials — Resolutions — President requested to remove Secretary — Not removed — Geo. H. Walker^s letter explaining Horner's absence — Memorial to Congress for Territorial government — Cassville proposed for capital — Debate— Col. Hamilton — Col. Slaughter — Burnett — Eastern and western portions of territory — Comparative population — Cassville successful — Mr. Knapp — Report of committee on new territory — Amendments — Proposition that Governor be elected — Opposed by Hamilton — Supported by Burnett — Adoption of memorial — Report on internal improvements — Doty as fiscal agent — Propositions to adjourn laid on table — Final adjournment.
CHAPTER XVI.
ORGANIZATION OF WISCONSIN TERRITORY.
Earliest land sales — Floats — Protection of settlers' rights — Territory of Wisconsin organized — Took effect July 4, 1836 — Boundaries — Executive power; Governor; Secretary — Legislative power; Council and House of Representatives — Census — Apportionment — Right of suffrage — Extent of Legislative power — Appointment of county and town ofScers — Judicial power; Supreme Court; District Courts; Jurisdiction; Writs of Error and Appeals — Attorney and Marshal — Territorial officers appointed by the President — Territorial expenses — Laws of Michigan in force — First session of Legislative Assembly — Public Buildings — Delegate to House of Representatives — Transfer ot Judicial proceedings — Library — Summary — Spain, France, Great Britain — Virginia — Northwestern Territory— Indiana Territory- Michigan Territory— Illinois Territory — Michigan Territory.
CHAPTER XVII.
TERRITORY OF WISCCNSIN — 1836.
Land speculation in 1836, and its effects — Specie circular — Eastern counties settled most rapidly — Territorial officers took oath of office at Mineral Point, July 4, 1836 — Census apportionment — Election of delegate and members ot Legislature on second Monday of October — Candidates in each county — Legislature met October 35th— Governor's Message — Statement of the various acts — Judicial districts — Creation of counties — Three banks incorporated — Seat of government established' at Madison — Great, Seal adopted — Memorials for improvements— Laws were passed in relation to sheriffs bonds; duties of coroner; incorporation of towns and villages; Ucensiug sale of liquors; bridge aci-oss Milwaukee river; Territorial road; railroads; joint resolution to purchase State library — An effort to codify the laws failed and Legislature adjourned Dec. 9, after a session of 46 days — Numerous appointments to office were made by Governor and council — Supreme court held its first session Deo. 8 — All the judges present — Clerk and Reporter appointed — First newspaper in Milwaukee — First in Belmont
CHAPTER XVII.
TERRITORY OF WISCONSIN — 1837.
"interest of people in proceedings of Congress — Sketch of George W. Jones, delegate — Measures proposed for Wisconsin — Ratification of treaty with Menomonees — Appropriations for arrearages of Legislative expenses and fcr ordinary expenses — One section of land granted to Mineral Point and to other towns — The acts incorporating banks were approved — Appropriations for light houses at Milwaukee, Manitowoc, Sheboygan, Green Bay and Racine were made — Proceedings to protect " claims " — Newspapers — Local jealousies in Milwaukee — Copper ore developments — County seats in Brown, Grant and Green counties — Mail routes and post offices — Judge Frazer's 'first court at Milwaukee — Commencement of the capitol at Madison — Purchase of library — Suspension of specie payments and its effects — Legislative session at Burlington Nov. 6 — 1837, changes of membership — Governor's message — Legislature adjourned on the 30th January, 18.38, having been in session 75 days, having resolved to meet again at same place on second Monday of June.
CHAPTER XIX
TERRITORY OF WISCONSIN — 183S.
George W. Jones — Delegate in Congress and his connection as second of Mr. Cilley in a duel between him and Wm. J. Graves — Progress of work on the capitol at Madison — Appropriation by Congress — Indian treaties — Surveyor General's office established for Wisconsin and Iowa — University of Wisconsin — Post oifices and post routes — Appropriations by Congress for internal improvements — A preemption law which furnished partial relief was passed — Wisconsin Territory divided and Iowa Territory organized June 12, 1838- Land sale at Green Bay, Oct. 22 — Sale at Milwaukee for Nov. 19 postponed until next year — In June a short session of Legislature was held, a census of the population in May, 1^8, showed 18,149 — Anew apportionment was made — An election held. The candidates for delegate were Jones, Doty and Burnett; Doty was elected — Distribution of money among traders and half-breeds of Winnebago Indians — First session of new Legislature met 26th Nov., and on the 22d Dec. adjourned to 21st of Jan. — County of Walworth was organized and county seat fixed at Elk Horn — Most of the acts related to roads, bridges and ferries and other private and local objects.
CHAPTER XX.
TERRITORY OF WISCONSIN — 1839.
Contest for seat in Congress between Jones and Doty — Doty got the seat and Jones per diem and mileage — Appropriations — Veto power modified — Brothertowu Indians Defining boundary line between Wisconsin and Iowa — BiUs which failed — Legislature met Jan. 21 — Governor's message —Winnebago Indians — Acts of fiscal agent ratified — Report of United States attorney as to title to the public park at Madison — Commissioners of&n